FreeCell's origins may date back even further to 1945 and to a Scandinavian game called Napoleon in St. Gardner wrote, 'The game was taught to Baker by his father, who in turn learned it from an Englishman during the 1920s.' This variant is now called Baker's Game. Baker that is similar to FreeCell, except that cards on the tableau are built by suit rather than by alternate colors. In the June 1968 edition of Scientific American, Martin Gardner described in his 'Mathematical Games' column a game by C. One of the oldest ancestors of FreeCell is Eight Off. Deal number 11982 from the Windows version of FreeCell is an example of an unsolvable FreeCell deal, the only deal among the original 'Microsoft 32,000' which is unsolvable.

It is estimated that 99.999% of possible deals are solvable. The game is won after all cards are moved to their foundation piles.Computer implementations often show this motion, but players using physical decks typically move the tableau at once. Complete or partial tableaus may be moved to build on existing tableaus, or moved to empty cascades, by recursively placing and removing cards through intermediate locations.Any cell card or top card of any cascade may be moved to build on a tableau, or moved to an empty cell, an empty cascade, or its foundation.The Foundations typically begin with Ace and are built up to King. Tableaus must be built down by alternating colors.The top card of each cascade begins a sequence.Some alternate rules use from four to ten cascades. Cards are dealt face-up into eight cascades, four of which comprise seven cards each and four of which comprise six cards each.Some alternative rules use between one and ten cells. There are four open cells and four open foundations.Microsoft FreeCell is so definitive for many FreeCell players that many other software implementations strive for compatibility with its random number generator in order to replicate its numbered hands. Microsoft has included a FreeCell computer game with every release of the Windows operating system since 1995, greatly contributing to the game's popularity among users of personal computers, even leading to the creation of several websites devoted to FreeCell. Although software implementations vary, most versions label the hands with a number (derived from the seed value used by the random number generator to shuffle the cards). It is fundamentally different from most solitaire games in that very few deals are unsolvable, and all cards are dealt face-up from the very beginning of the game. FreeCell is a solitaire card game played using the standard 52-card deck.

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